"In vain do we seek in deserts for a state of ease; temptations follow us every where; our passions, represented by the dæmons, never wholly quit us: these monsters of the heart, these illusions of the mind, these vain phantoms of error and falsehood, appear continually to us, to mislead us, and attack us even in our fasts and hair-cloths, that is, even in our greatest strength."

— Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (1689-1755)


Date
1721, 1722
Metaphor
"In vain do we seek in deserts for a state of ease; temptations follow us every where; our passions, represented by the dæmons, never wholly quit us: these monsters of the heart, these illusions of the mind, these vain phantoms of error and falsehood, appear continually to us, to mislead us, and attack us even in our fasts and hair-cloths, that is, even in our greatest strength."
Metaphor in Context
The more sensible Christians regard all these accounts only as a natural allegory, which serves to make us sensible of the miserable state of humanity. In vain do we seek in deserts for a state of ease; temptations follow us every where; our passions, represented by the dæmons, never wholly quit us: these monsters of the heart, these illusions of the mind, these vain phantoms of error and falsehood, appear continually to us, to mislead us, and attack us even in our fasts and hair-cloths, that is, even in our greatest strength.

For my part, venerable Santon, I know that the messenger of God hath chained Satan, and precipitated him into the abyss: he hath purified the earth, formerly filled with his power, and hath rendered it worthy of the abode of his angels and prophets.

[Les chrétiens sensés regardent toutes ces histoires comme une allégorie bien naturelle, qui nous peut servir à nous faire sentir le malheur de la condition humaine. En vain cherchons-nous dans le désert un état tranquille; les tentations nous suivent toujours: nos passions, figurées par les démons, ne nous quittent point encore; ces monstres du cœur, ces illusions de l'esprit, ces vains fantômes de l'erreur et du mensonge, se montrent toujours à nous pour nous séduire, et nous attaquent jusque dans les jeûnes et les cilices, c'est-à-dire jusque dans notre force même.

Pour moi, santon vénérable, je sais que l'envoyé de Dieu a enchaîné Satan, et l'a précipité dans les abîmes: il a purifié la terre, autrefois pleine de son empire, et l'a rendue digne du séjour des anges et des prophètes.]
(Letter XCIII, Usbek to his Brother, Santon in the Monastery of Casbin.)
Provenance
Searching at OLL
Citation
12 entries in the ESTC for this title (1722, 1730, 1731, 1736, 1751, 1759, 1760, 1762, 1767, 1773, 1775).

The earliest English-language issue is Persian Letters, trans. John Ozell, 2 vols. (London: Printed for J. Tonson, 1722). <Link to ECCO>

Searching The Complete Works of M. de Montesquieu, 4 vols. (London: T. Evans, 1777) at Online Library of Liberty <Link to OLL>. French text from Project Gutenberg.
Date of Entry
08/09/2013

The Mind is a Metaphor is authored by Brad Pasanek, Assistant Professor of English, University of Virginia.